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（参考）PW3の助動詞についてはPW3 Book A Unit 5
解答＆解説 2013年6月4日
(1) I had a fever yesterday, so I had to call in sick.
had to；～しなければならない
We had to put up with a lot of noise when the children were at home.
私たちは，子どもたちが家にいるときには、いろいろな騒音を我慢しなければならなかった。（『英作文の演習』p.57）
call in sick；病欠の連絡をしなければならない（Weblio）。
(2) I can't find my umbrella. I must have left it on the train.
(3) We worked so hard that we were able to finish the work before the deadline.
canは「能力」
My brother can snowboard very well. 弟はスノーボードが上手です。
My father could stand on his head when he was young.
You can cover the distance in two hours by plane. 飛行機で行けば、その距離なら2時間だ（『英作文の演習』p.27）
Can you spare me a few minutes? ちょっと時間をいただけませんか。
【一瞬の能力】I was able to catch the last train.
be able to の部分は manage to でも可
(4) He cannot be sleepy. He slept more than twelve hours yesterday.
(5) I'm not sure, but the rumor about the merger of the two banks might be true.
戦争が起きるかもしれないというニュースは、人々を驚かせた。
The news that war might break out alarmed the people.
(6) You have been working too much lately. You should get some rest.
(7) The doctor should have given him a thorough examination when he was rushed to the hospital.
(8) Sam, can you open this bottle? The lid won't come off.
(9) When I was a kid, I would often go mountain climbing.
(10) You don't look very well. You had better not go to work.
(11) I couldn't help feeling sorry for him when I heard his story.
(12) A : Let's go to Okinawa this summer. The beaches must be very beautiful.
B : I would rather go somewhere cool.
would rather 〜「むしろ〜したい」
I would rather stay where I am. 私はむしろこのままここにいたい
I would rather not accept your offer.
どちらかといえばあなたの申し出をお受けしたくないのですが。
解答＆解説 2013年6月8日
空所に入る適切な語句を選べ。
(1) Janet is an honest person. She couldn't have lied to you.
(2) He has disappointed me a few times. You had better not expect too much from him.
(3) He asked his daughter what happened, but she wouldn't tell him.
(4) He couldn't get a plane ticket. He should have booked the flight in advance.
in advance ; 前もって
Although this community center is available for any citizen, nobody is allowed to use it without saying in advance what they are going to use it for.
（このコミュニティセンターは市民は誰でも利用可能だが、前もって何のために使うのかを言わない限りは使用が許されない）
(5) He was with his client in the meeting room then, so you can't have seen him in the lobby.
他の選択肢 can't see / must have seen / shouldn't see はすべて時制が現在であり、ここでは不適。過去の時制になっていなければならない。
(6) A: Please don't tell anyone what I've just told you. It's between you and me.
B: Don't worry. I won't tell anyone else.
between you and me；ここだけの話だが、内密に
(7) A: Do you know what happened to Jane? She was supposed to be here this morning.
B: Her son suddenly ran a fever, so she had to take him to the hospital.
(8) There used to be a lot of shops on this shopping street, but most of them are closed now.
would を入れたくなるところだが、後ろが be なので、ここはused to が入る。would の場合、後ろは動作動詞のみ。
I used to kill time in the library when I was young.
（若い頃には図書館でよく暇つぶしをしたものだ）
He would often invite me to dinner.
（彼はよく私を食事に招待してくれた）
be used to 〜「〜に慣れている」との違いに注意。
(9) In spite of his leg injury, he was able to win his tennis match last week.
canとbe able toとの違いについては、Pre-Testの（3）参照。
We worked so hard that we were able to finish the work before the deadline.
The police were not able to keep back the crowd.
（警官隊は群衆を押さえておくことができなかった）be動詞が was ではなく were であることも注意。
in spite of；〜にもかかわらず［=despite］（Weblio）
(10) Your boss isn't going to change his attitude, so you might as well get used to it.
might as well ~；〜するほうがよいでしょう。
You might as well warn your son to be punctual.
あなたのお子さんに時間を守るように注意するほうがよいでしょう。
get used to ~：「〜に慣れる」。同意表現に get accustomed to ~ がある。
A: How is your new life going in this city?
（この町での新生活はどうですか）
B: Well, I think it'll take time to get used to the new environment.
（そうですね、新しい環境に慣れるのには時間がかかりそうです）
英語にせよ。
（1）A：昨日誰がこの顧客からの電話を受けたか知っていますか。
B：よく分かりませんが、あなたの秘書かもしれませんよ。
A：いいえ、私の秘書のはずがありません。彼女は昨日一日中外出していました。
A : Do you know who took a phone from this client yesterday?
B : I'm not sure. It might have been your secretary.
A : No, it can't have been my secretary. She was out of the office all day yesterday.
最初は間接疑問文。
I'm not sure. は I don't know. でもOK
（2）A：遅かれ早かれ、彼女はあなたが嘘を言ったことに気づくでしょう。本当の事を話した方がいいですよ。
B：言おうとしたのですが、言えませんでした。彼女はすっかり信じこんでいるんです。あんなこと言わなければよかったです。（fall for）
A : Sooner or later, she will find out that you lied to her. You had better tell the truth.
B : I tried to tell her it, but I could not. She falls for it completely. I shouldn't have said that.
sooner or later ; 遅かれ早かれ（Weblio）
find out; to get information, after trying to discover it or by chance (Longman)
（3）A：昨日は一日中課題のための調べものをしなければなりませんでした。もっと早く始めていればよかったです。
B：疲れているでしょう。課題は終えられたのですか。
A：いいえ、できませんでした。でも明日には終えられると思います。
A : I had to do some research for my assignment all day yesterday. I should have started earlier.
B : You must be tired. Have you finished it yet?
A : No, I haven't ; however, I think I will finish it tomorrow.
do research; 調べものをする（Weblio）
should have + p.p. 「〜すべきだった」の意味で、過去の事柄について後悔の気持ちを表す
I'm sorry to hear you had such trouble. I should have given you my telephone number.
（そんなトラブルにあったなんてお気の毒に。私の電話番号を教えておくべきでした）
「課題」は assignment でも task でもOk。
最後の部分、tomorrow の前に by をつける場合は、動詞が will have finished になる。
リンクはご自由にどうぞ。